§ 60.234. General Requirements.

Parking lots shall be landscaped to meet the requirements of Chapter 61 - Part 3B, describing layout and spacing of parking lots and driveways, landscape areas, islands, planters, and strips.

Figure 12. Native Plant List

Botanical Name	Common Name	MatureHeight	MatureSpread	GrowthHabit	SpacingCategory	ElectricLineOffset	SoilMoisture	DroughtTolerance	WindResistance
NATIVE CANOPY TREES
Acer rubrum	Red Maple	30'—60'	40'	Upright	B	15'	Wet or Dry	Medium	Poor	Deciduous; red fall foliage, preferred cultivars Florida Flame and Summer Red.
Betula nigra	River Birch	40'—50'	25'—40'	Upright, angular	B	15'	Wet or Moderate	Low	Moderate	Deciduous; yellow fall foliage; distinctive bark; good wildlife value; needs acidic soil.
Carya glabra	Pignut Hickory	60'—80'	20'—30'	Upright	A	20'	Well-drained	High	Moderate	Deciduous; edible nut; gold fall foliage.
Carya ovata	Shag Bark	60'—80'	25'—35'	Upright	A	20'	Well-drained	High	Moderate	Deciduous; may be the best ornamental hickory due to open branching habit and shaggy bark.
Celtis laevigata	Hack- berry, Sugar- berry	50'—70'	50'—70'	Rounded Vase	A	20'	Varied	Low	Moderate	Deciduous; food source for birds; tolerates root disturbance, good parking lot & street tree. Fast grower. Edible nuts.
Fraxinus caroliniana	Carolina Ash	40'	20'	Rounded Narrow	A	20'	Moist to Wet	Medium	Poor	Deciduous; multi-trunked.
Fraxinus pennslyvanica	Green Ash	60'—70'	40'—45'	Upright, oval	A	20'	Varied	Medium	Poor	Deciduous; abundant seed set; seedless cultivars are available; rapidly growing tree; large surface roots can develop.
Liquidambar styraciflua	Sweetgum	60'—75'	30'—50'	Upright	A	20'	Moist, Well-drained	High	Moderate	Deciduous; red fall foliage; spiny burrs a problem when tree overhangs pedestrian areas (fruitless cv. 'Rotundiloba' may avoid this problem); aggressive surface roots.
Liriodendron tulipifera	Tulip Tree	80'—120'	25'—40'	Pyramidal	A	20'	Moist, Well-drained	Medium	Moderate	Deciduous; yellow-orange flower.
Magnolia grandiflora	Southern Magnolia	60'—80'	30'—40'	Upright, pyramidal	A	20'	Varied	Medium	Excellent	Evergreen; large, white, fragrant flowers in late spring. Cultivars Bracken's Brown Beauty, D. D. Blanchard, Chloe, Claudia Wanamaker.
Nyssa sylvatica	Black Gum	65'—75'	25'—35'	Pyramidal to Oval	B	15'	Moist to Wet	High	Moderate	Also known as BlackTupelo & Sour Gum; deciduous; fall color.
Pinus clausa	Sand Pine	60'—80'	15'—40'	Pyramidal	B	15'	Well-drained	High	Poor	Evergreen. Sand pines tend to lean, use with caution near structures. Fire resistant.
Pinus elliotti	Slash Pine	60'—100'	30'—60'	Upright, open	B	15'	Varied	High	Moderate	Evergreen; long needles; lower limbs shed with age.
Pinus palustris	Longleaf Pine	60'—80'	30'—40'	Upright, irregular	B	15'	Varied	High	Moderate	Evergreen.
Platanus occidentalis	Sycamore	75'—90'	60'—70'	Pyramidal to rounded	A	20'	Varied	Medium	Moderate	Deciduous; prone to leaf scorch, lace bugs and anthracnose problems; aggressive surface roots. Not recommended in constricted urban conditions.
Quercus geminata	Sand Live Oak	30'—90'	30'—60'	Spreading	B	15'	Well drained, sandy	High	Excellent	Semi-deciduous. Grows smaller, more upright and open-crowned than Q. virginiana. Named for habit of bearing acorns in pairs and for its sandy habitat. Varies in height, 20'—30' in a coastal or scrub habitat and 30'—90' inland.
Quercus hemispherica	Laurel Oak	65'—100'	40'	Upright	A	20'	Well-drained	Medium	Poor	Prone to heart rot; good wildlife value.
Quercus laevis	Turkey Oak	20'—30'	15'—20'	Upright	B	15'	Well-drained, sandy	High	Excellent	Deciduous; fall color.
Quercus michauxii	Swamp Chestnut	60'—80'	30'—50'	Narrow rounded	A	20'	Moist	Low	Excellent	Deciduous; fall color.
Quercus nuttalii	Nuttall Oak	60'—80'	40'—50'	Upright	A	20'	Varied	Medium	Moderate	Similar in nature to the Shumard Oak, the Nuttall Oak grows faster and is well suited for wet sites.
Quercus shumaraii	Shumard Oak	60'—80'	40'—50'	Upright	A	20'	Varied	High	Moderate	Deciduous; fall color; good Laurel Oak substitute; fast grower; tolerates high pH.
Quercus virginiana	Live Oak	60'—80'	60'—120'	Spreading	A	20'	Varied	High	Excellent	Semi-deciduous; spreading oak, durable; life span into centuries; good street tree; disease resistant. Cultivars Cathedral and High Rise.
Taxodium ascendens	Pond Cypress	60'—80'	15'—30'	Upright	B	15'	Dry to Wet	High	Excellent	Deciduous; wildlife value.
Taxodium distichum	Bald Cypress	60'—80'	15'—30'	Upright	B	15'	Dry to Wet	High	Excellent	Deciduous; wildlife value.
Ulmus alata	Winged Elm	40'—70'	30'—40'	Rounded to Vase	A	20'	Dry to Wet	High	Moderate	Deciduous; distinctive winged characteristic of bark. Wildlife value, good nesting tree.
NON-NATIVE CANOPY TREES
Carya illinoinensis	Pecan	60'—100'	40'—60'	Broad, oval	A	20'	Moist to well-drained	High	Moderate	Deciduous; edible nut; long lived.
Cupressus sempervirens	Italian Cypress	40'—60'	5'—15'	Columnar	C	10'	Well-drained	High	Poor	Evergreen; very prone to mites and canker.
Ginkgo biloba	Ginkgo	50'—60'	30'—60'	Irregular, spreading	A	20'	Dry to Moist	High	Excellent	Deciduous; species is 150-million years old yet extinct in the wild; pest free; yellow fall foliage.
Liquidambar formosana	Oriental Sweetgum Formosa	40'—60'	30'—45'	Pyramidal to rounded	A	20'	Well-drained	Medium	Moderate	Deciduous; red, yellow fall foliage; AKA Formosan Gum; 3 lobed leaf.
Salix alba	White Willow	45'—70'	45'—70'	Rounded, Upright	B	15'	Moist to Wet	Medium	Poor	Semi-deciduous; graceful form; aggressive roots; salt tolerant fast grower but short life span.
Ulmus parvifolia "Allee"	Allee Elm	40'—50'	35'—50'	Upright, oval to vase	A	20'	Well-drained	High	Poor	Deciduous; distinct exfoliating bark (lace bark), resistant to Dutch Elm Disease; other varieties are Drake and Bosque.
NATIVE UNDERSTORY TREES*
Amelanchier arborea	Service- berry	10'—25'	15'—20'	Round, upright	C	None	Well-drained	Medium	Moderate	Good for naturalistic plantings.
Asimina triloba	Paw Paw	15'—20'	15'—20'	Round to irregular	C	None	Well-drained	High	Moderate	Good for naturalistic plantings and slope stabilization.
Carpinus caroliniana	American Hornbeam	20'—40'	20'—40'	Upright, oval	B	15'	Moist to Wet	Medium	Excellent	Deciduous; yellow to red fall foliage; will not tolerate alkaline soil.
Cercis Canadensis	Redbud	20'—30'	15'—20'	Upright, oval	C	10'	Moist to Dry	High	Poor	Deciduous; showy magenta flowers in early spring; yellow fall color.
Chionanthus virginicus	Fringetree	10'—20'	10'—15'	Rounded	C	None	Well-Drained	Medium	Moderate	Deciduous; showy, white, fragrant flowers in early spring; wildlife value.
Cornus florida	Flowering Dogwood	20'—30'	15'—25'	Rounded	B	15'	Well-Drained	Medium	Excellent	Deciduous; showy white flowers in early spring; "Weaver" best for Central Florida.
Crataegus marshalli	Parsley Hawthorn	15'—25'	10'—15'	Upright vase	C	None	Moist to Wet	High	Moderate	Edible fruit; wildlife value; ornamental parsley like foliage.
Crataegus opaca	Mayhaw	15'—30'	15'	Oval	C	10'	Moist to Wet	High	Moderate	Edible fruit; deciduous; wildlife value; densest of all Crataegus species.
Diospyros virginiana	Persimmon	30'	20'—25'	Rounded	C	10'	Moist to Wet	High	Excellent	Deciduous; edible fruit after first year; good wildlife value; fruit attracts mammals and may cause messy litter.
Gordonia lasianthus	Loblolly Bay	30'—40'	10'—20'	Narrow, conical	B	15'	Moist to Wet	Low	Excellent	Evergreen; white fragrant flowers in late spring; grows best in partial shade (understory and edge of forest tree).
Halesia diptera	Silverbell	20'—30'	10'—20'	Pyramidal vase	C	10'	Well-drained	Low	Moderate	Container or above-ground planter; patio or deck; specimen; understory street tree.
Ilex cassine	Dahoon Holly	25'—30'	10'—15'	Upright, dense	C	10'	Varied	Medium	Excellent	Evergreen; red berries; wildlife value.
Ilex decidua	Possum Haw	10'—15'	10'—15'	Rounded vase	C	None	Varied	Medium	Moderate	Deciduous; stabilizes banks; patio tree.
Ilex vomitoria	Yaupon Holly	15'—20'	15'—20'	Rounded vase	C	None	Varied	High	Excellent	Evergreen; very adaptable to sites and pH; 'Pendula' is weeping form.
Juniperus silicicola	Southern Red Cedar	30'—40'	20'—30'	Conical to open	B	15'	Varied	High	Moderate	Evergreen; fine needles, dense foliage, fast growth, good buffer plant; very adaptable; wildlife value.
Juniperus virginiana	Eastern Red Cedar	40'—50'	10'—25'	Oval to pyramidal	B	15'	Varied	High	Moderate	Evergreen; windbreak and screen; wildlife value.
Magnolia grandiflora x "Little Gem"	Little Gem	20'—40'	15'—20'	Upright, Pyramidal	C	10'	Well-drained	Medium	Excellent	Evergreen; large, white, fragrant flowers inlate spring.
Magnolia virginiana	Sweetbay	40'—50'	15'—25'	Columnar or rounded vase	B	15'	Moist to Wet	Medium	Excellent	Semi-evergreen; white showy fragrant flowers in summer.
Malus angustifolia	Southern Crabapple	20'—25'	20'—25'	Rounded	C	10'	Moist to Dry	High	Moderate	Deciduous; fragrant pink flowers in spring; wildlife value.
Osmanthus americanus	Devilwood	15'—25'	10'—15'	Vase	C	None	Varied	Medium	Moderate	Fragrant spring bloom: good hammock and street tree.
Ostrya virginiana	Eastern Hophorn- beam	30'—40'	25'—35'	Oval, rounded	B	15'	Varied	High	Excellent	Deciduous; wildlife value; good form and attractive orange to grayish brown bark; fall color; tolerant of poor soil.
Oxydendron arboreum	Sourwood	25'—35'	25'—35'	Pyramidal	B	15'	Varied	Medium	Moderate	Deciduous; fragrant white raceme flowers in spring and summer, specimen tree with branches that droop toward the ground forming a graceful outline.
Prunus angustifolia	Chickasaw Plum	20'—25'	10'—20'	Rounded	C	None	Varied not Wet	High	Moderate	Early spring bloom; white showy flowers; deciduous tree; salt tolerant; wildlife value; can be weedy.
Prunus umbellatta	Flatwoods Plum	15'—20'	15'—20'	Rounded	C	None	Varied not Wet	Medium	Excellent	Deciduous tree; white showy flowers late winter to early spring; low salt tolerance; wildlife value.
Quercus chapmanii	Chapman Oak	20'	20'	Rounded	B	None	Varied	High	Excellent	Shrubby oak; best on sandhill and coastal area.
Quercus incana	Bluejack Oak	20'	30'	Rounded	B	None	Varied	High	Excellent	Attractive blue green foliage.
Quercus myrtifolia	Myrtle Oak	15'—35'	15'—30'	Rounded	C	10'	Varied	High	Excellent	Shrubby oak; oak scrub, pine flatwoods to sandy ridge; short lived; wildlife value.
Quercus stellata	Sand Post Oak	20'—40'	15'—25'	Irregular	B	15'	Varied	High	Excellent	Slower growing of the white oaks; ultimate drought resistant tree; gnarled 'hangmans' tree in xeric settings.
Rhamnus caroliniana	Buckthorn	15'—20'	10'—15'	Oval, upright	C	None	Varied	Medium	Moderate	Colorful fruit; can be weedy; wildlife value.
Salix caroliniana	Coastal Plain Willow	30'	20'—25'	Round, spreading	B	15'	Wet	Medium	Poor	Small deciduous or shrub-like tree; efficient for erosion control along lakes and streams.
NON-NATIVE UNDERSTORY TREES
Citrus spp.	Orange, Lemon, Grapefruit	15'	20'	Spreading	B	None	Well-Drained	Medium	Moderate	Evergreen; many varieties; fragrant white blossoms in spring; prone to 'greening' disease. Some species being evaluated for invasiveness.
Cupressocyparis leylandii	Leyland Cypress	25'—35'	15'—25'	Columnar	C	10'	Varied	Medium	Poor	Evergreen; very prone to canker.
Diospyros kaki	Japanese Persimmon	20'—30'	20'	Round, upright	C	10'	Varied	Medium	Moderate	Excellent fruiting tree for ornamental use and makes an excellent specimen.
Elaeocarpus decipiens	Japanese Blueberry	25'—35'	10'—15'	Upright, narrow	B	15'	Well drained	Medium	Moderate	Excellent screening or buffer, good street tree. Small white flowers with small deep blue fruit. Leaves have bronze-red color on new growth; good replacement for East Palatka holly.
Eriobotrya japonica	Loquat	20'—30'	30'—35'	Round, vase	B	15'	Varied	Medium	Moderate	Evergreen; edible fruit.
Ilex x attenuata 'Eagleston'	Eagleston Holly	20'—25'	6'—10'	Columnar, Pyramidal	C	None	Moist	Medium	Excellent	Evergreen; good substitute for 'East Palatka' Holly.
Lagerstroemia indica	Crape Myrtle	10'—30'	15'—25'	Vase	C	None	Varied	High	Excellent	Deciduous; many cultivars available; select by mature height before color.
Ligustrum japonicum	Waxleaf Privet	10'—15'	15'—20'	Oval, round	B	None	Varied	High	Moderate	Specimen tree in landscape.
Magnolia soulangeana	Saucer Magnolia	10'—15'	10'	Vase	C	10'	Varied	Low	Poor	Specimen; needs protection from afternoon sun; prone to scale.
Magnolia stellata	Star Magnolia	10'—15'	10'	Vase	C	None	Varied	Medium	Poor	Specimen; needs protection from afternoon sun; prone to scale.
Parkinsonia aculeata	Jerusalem Thorn	15'—20'	20'—25'	Vase, spreading	B	None	Varied	High	Excellent	Needle-like leaves; yellow flowers; good for xeric site.
Prunus campanulata	Taiwan Flowering Cherry	20'—30'	15'—20'	Rounded, vase	B	15'	Varied	Medium	Moderate	Best flowering cherry for deep south; showy pink flowers; prone to shot hole fungus in summer.
Tabebuia spp.	Trumpet tree	25'—35'	25'—35'	Oval, round	B	15'	Varied	High	Poor	Deciduous; showy pink or yellow flowers in spring.
PALMS AND CYCADS
Bismarkia nobilis	Bismark Palm	30'—60'	10'—20'	Upright Palm	C	10'	Varied	High	Excellent	Solitary massive palm with blue-green foliage to bronze-green with a slight red edge. Drought tolerant with no major pests.
Butia capitata	Pindo Palm	15'—25'	10'—15'	Upright Palm	D	8'	Varied	High	Excellent	Graceful green/blue to silver foliage; fruit can be made into jelly.
Chamaerops humulis	European Fan Palm	10'—15'	10'—15'	Cluster Palm	D	8'	Varied	High	Excellent	Clustering palm; palmate with deeply dissect fronds; green, blue-green or silvery green fronds; slow growing.
Cycas circinalis	Queen Sago	10'—20'	10'—15'	Palm-like	D	8'	Varied	High	Moderate	Graceful fronds; not cold hardy.
Livistonia chinensis	Chinese Fan Palm	30'—50'	5'—10'	Upright Palm	D	8'	Varied	High	Excellent	Slow growing; good alternative to Washingtonia robusta.
Sabal causiarum	Hat Palm	50'	10'—15'	Upright Palm	D	8'	Varied	High	Excellent	Solitary, imposing palm with massive trunk. Drought tolerant. Pest problems are leaf hoppers and susceptible to ganoderma.
Sabal palmetto	Cabbage Palm	30'—80'	10'—15'	Upright Palm	D	8'	Varied	High	Excellent	State tree of Florida; heart of palm is edible, known as "swamp cabbage." Native.
Phoenix canariensis	Canary Island Date Palm	40'—60'	15'—25'	Upright, long fronds	C	10'	Varied	High	Excellent	Large, stately palm; needs ample room; heavy feeder. Use with caution; susceptible to disease.
Phoenix reclinata	Senegal Date Palm	25'—30'	10'—20'	Upright, long fronds	C	10'	Varied	High	Excellent	Multi-trunk palm with graceful, arching fronds.
Phoenix dactylifera	Date Palm	60'—100'	15'	Upright, long fronds	C	10'	Varied	High	Excellent	Edible fruit. Use with caution; susceptible to disease. 'Medjool' is preferred.
Trachycarpus fortunei	Windmill Palm	20'—40'	5'—10'	Upright, short fronds	D	8'	Varied	Medium	Moderate	Dense fibrous trunk with fan shaped fronds; slow grower.
Washingtonia filifera	Desert fen palm Califonia fan & Petticoat palm	50'	10'—15'	Upright Palm	C	10'	Varied	High	Excellent	Solitary robust palm unlike the Mexican Washintonia it does not get as tall but the trunk is much thicker. No major pest problems but susceptible to Phytophthora bud rot.

 

Botanical Name	Common Name	FloridaNative	Mature HeightX Spread	Soil Moisture	DroughtTolerance
Large Shrubs
Acacia farnesiana	Sweet Acacia	Y	10'—25' × 15'—25'	Well—Medium Drained	High	Yellow flowers all year; thorny; provides seeds/cover for birds.
Aralia spinosa	Devil's Walkingstick	Y	10'—25' × 6'—10'	Well—Medium Drained	Medium	Small white flowers in spring-summer, purplish berries used by wildlife; spiny stems.
Ardisia escallonioides	Marlberry, Marbleberry	Y	10'—21' × 3'—12'	Well—Medium Drained	High	Fragrant white flowers all year; purple fruits used by wildlife; no pest problems.
Baccharis halmifolia	Groundsel Tree, Sea Myrtle, Salt-bush	Y	8'—12' × 6'—12'	Well—Medium Drained	Medium	White flowers in fall; poisonous seeds.
Bauhinia galpinii	Red Orchid	N	8'—10' × 8'—10"	Well—Medium Drained	High	Dense broad shrub, red-orange orchid bloom summer into fall.
Bougainvillea spp	Bougainvillea	N	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained	High	Year round color produced by bracts, various colors and foliage available.
Calliandra spp. and cvs.	Powderpuff	N	10'—15' × 8'—15"	Well-Drained	High	Hummingbird plant; pink/white flowers in spring-fall.
Camellia japonica	Camellia	N	10'—20' × 10'—20'	Medium-Drained	Medium	Popular shrub used in borders and in formation hedges, specimen plants and for colorful accents. Many cultivars, flowers in winter-spring.
Camellia sasanqua	Sasanqua Camellia	N	Varies × Varies	Medium-Drained	Medium	Showy fragrant flowers in fall-spring, likes acidic soil, evergreen, low salt-tolerance.
Cephalotaxus harringtonia 'Fastigiata'	Japanese Plum Yew, Harrington Plum Yew	N	4'—8' × 3'—5'	Well-Drained	Medium	Upright with strong vertical growth. Attractive with bright green spring-growth, very slow grower. Does well in semi-shade to shade. Columnar shape.
Cestrum aurantiacum	Orange Jessamine	N	10' × 8'	Well-Drained	Medium	Yellow-orange flowers in spring-summer; poisonous.
Cocculus laurifolius	Laurelleaf Snailseed, Carolina Coralbead, Cocculus	N	12'—18' × 18'—20'	Well-Drained to Medium-Drained	High	Yellow flowers; poisonous leaves.
Crataegus spp.	Hawthorn	Y	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained to Wet	High	Good food source for wildlife; good cover for nesting.
Cyrill racemifolia	Titi, Swamp Cyrilla, Leatherwood	Y	Varies × Varies	Medium-Drained to Wet	Medium	White flowers in late spring-summer; wetland plant; attractive to bees.
Duranta erecta	Golden Dewdrop, Pigeonberry, Skyflower	N	10'—18' × 10'—15'	Well-Drained	High	Evergreen: lavender/blue/white flowers in summer-fall and showy golden fruit; thorny; wildlife value.
Eugenia spp.	Stoppers	Y	10'—30' × 5'—20'	Well-Drained	High	Evergreen large shrub or small tree, flowering in spring, summer, fruit maturing in autumn.
Hamamelis virginiana	Common Witchhazel	Y	15'—30' × 15'—25'	Well-Drained	Low	Cream/yellow flowers in fall. Naturally occurs farther north, needs cooler temperatures; use with caution.
Hamelia patens	Firebush; Scarletbush	Y	5'—20' × 5'—8'	Well to Medium- Drained	Medium	Orange/red flowers, esp. summer; mites, whiteflies; scales; butterfly and hummingbird plant.
Heptaplleurum arboricolum	Dwarf Schefflera	N	20'—15' × 6'—15'	Well to Medium- Drained	Medium	Also known as Schefflera arboricola. Good variegated cultivar is 'Trinette'.
Hibiscus spp.	Hibiscus, Mallows	Y	Varies × Varies	Well to Medium- Drained	Medium	Showy blooms in many colors; damaged in freezes.
Hydrangea macrophylla	Hydrangea, Bigleaf Hydrangea, French Hydrangea	N	6'—10' × 6'—10'	Well to Medium- Drained	Medium	White/pink/purple flowers in spring-summer; pest sensitive; deciduous.
Hydrangea quercifolia	Oakleaf Hydrangea	Y	6'—10' × 6'—8'	Well to Medium- Drained	Medium	White/cream flowers in summer, good flowering shrub for shade.
Ilex x 'Mary Nell'	Mary Nell Holly	Y	10'—20' × 10'	Well to Medium- Drained	Medium	Dense leathery dark green foliage makes an excellent screening hedge. Fruit attracts wildlife, many cultivars; important pollen source for bees.
Ilex cornuta and cultivars	Chinese Holly, Horned Holly	N	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained	High	Dense leathery dark green foliage makes an excellent screening hedge. Fruit attracts wildlife, many cultivars; important pollen source for bees.
Illicium floridanum	Florida Anise	Y	10' × 5'—8'	Well-Drained	Medium	Broad-leaved evergreen shrub with a compact stature. The leaves are leathery, smooth and shiny and when crushed, they emit a characteristic anise-like odor. Purplish red star like flowers.
Illicium parviflorum	Yellow Anise	Y	15'—20' × 10'—15'	Well-Drained to Wet	Medium	The yellow anise is the perfect low maintenance shrub. Conical form that doesn't require much pruning and it is seldom bothered by insects or disease. Better adapted to Central Florida than I. floridanum.
Juniperus chinensis and cultivars	Chinese Juniper, Japanese Juniper	N	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained	High	The bushy cultivars undipped hedges and anchors for foundation plantings. Nicks compacta. Blue Vase, Spartan and Hetzi are acceptable culitivars.
Ligustrum japonicum and cultivar	Ligustrum, Japanese Privet	N	8'—12' × 15'—25'	Well-Drained	High	Sturdy plant with attractive leaves, evergreen with white flower in summer. "Jack Frost" is good variegated variety.
Loropetalum chinense	Loropetalum, Chinese Fringe Bush	N	8'—10' × 6' × 8'	Well-Drained	Medium	White/pink flowers in spring; no major pest problems. Both Bugundy and Ahu-shou.
Lyonia ferruginea	Rusty Lyonia	Y	10'—25' × 5'—10'	Well to Medium- Drained	High	White-pink fragrant flowers in spring. Rust-colored new growth.
Murraya paniculata	Orange Jessamine	N	8'—12' × 8'—15'	Well-Drained	High	White-fragrant flowers all year; pest sensitive; attracts wildlife.
Musa spp.	Banana	N	7'—30' × 10'—15'	Wet	Low	Edible fruit; fast growth; watch for Sigatoka leaf spot disease. Frost sensitive.
Myrcianthes fragrans	Simpson's Stopper, Twinberry	Y	6'—30' × 15'—20'	Well-Drained to Wet	High	An attractive medium to large shrub with peeling rust-colored bark. Culitivars such as Simpsons has excellent fruit.
Osmanthus americanus	Wild Olive Devilwood	Y	15'—25' × 10'—15'	Well-Drained to Wet	Medium	Slow growing evergreen shrub or small tree with white, very fragrant flowers in fall-spring; fruit for wildlife.
Osmanthus fragrans	Tea Olive, Fragrant Olive, Sweet Osmanthus	N	10'—12' × 10'—14'	Well-Drained	Medium	Slow growing evergreen shrub or small tree with white, very-fragrant flowers in fall-spring. Other medium sized species are x fortunei and heterophyllus.
Philodendron x cvs	Philodendron	N	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained to Wet	Medium	The leaves are usually large, often lobed or deeply cut. Can also be oval, spear-shaped, or many others. Cultivars used such as Evansii and Williamsii.
Philodendron selloum	Split leaf or Tree Philodendron	N	6'—12" × 10'—20'	Well to Medium- Drained	Medium	Grows as a large semiwoody shrub with enormous glossy leaves and a single erect unbranched stem that tends to fall over and sprawl when the plant gets large.
Pittosporum tobira cultivars	Pittosporum	N	8'—12' × 12'—18'	Well-Drained	High	Broadleafed evergreen shrub; leathery glossy green leaves are arranged alternately in a whorl around the stem. Compact cultivar "Louisiana Compacta'
Podocarpus macrophyllus	Podocarpus	N	30'—40' × 20'—25'	Well-Drained	High	No serious pest problems; high wind resistance.
Rhododendron cultivars	Azalea	Y	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained	Medium	Among the most common woody flowering shrub in the southeast, with many shapes, sizes and flower colors: cultivars G.G. Gerbong, Formosa, George Tabor & Southern Charm.
Rhododendron austrinum	Florida Flame	Y	6'—10' × 4'—8'	Well-Drained	Medium	Native azalea, yellow orange fragrant flowers in spring, select disease resistant varieties.
Rhododendron canescens	Piedmont or Pinxter	Y	8'—12' × 6'—10'	Well-Drained	Medium	Native azalea with pink/white fragrant flowers in spring, found along stream banks.
Strelitzia nicolai	Giant Bird-of-Paradise, White Bird of Paradise	N	20'—30' × 15'—20'	Medium-Drained	Medium	Blue-white flowers all year, fast growth; frost-sensitive.
Tecoma stans	Yellow Elder, Yellow Trumpetbush	N	20' × 15'	Well-Drained	Low	Yellow flowers in summer to winter; may die to the ground in north FL and return in the spring.
Ternstroemia gymnathera	Cleyera, Ternstroemia	N	12'—20' × 5'—10'	Well to Medium Drained	Medium	White fragrant flowers in spring; good as hedge.
Tibouchina urvilleana	Princess Flower, Glory Bush, Lasiandra	N	10'—15' × 10'—15'	Well-Drained	High	Also known as Tibouchina semidecandra; purple flowers all year.
Viburnum obovatum	Walter's Viburnum	Y	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained	High	White flowers in winter-spring; small black fruit used by many birds; good nesting cover. Excellent hedge plant.
Viburnum odoratissimum	Sweet Viburnum	N	15'—30' × 15'—25'	Well-Drained	Medium	White flowers in spring; susceptible to leaf spots, powdery mildew, and downy mildew; no major insect problems, but watch for aphids and scales; often grown as a hedge; thins in shaded sites.
Viburnum odoratissimum var. Awabuki	Awabuki Viburnum	N	15'—20' × 15'—20'	Well-Drained	Medium	Also know as Viburnum awabaki; white flowers in spring; good under power lines - takes well to pruning.
Viburnum rufidulum	Rusty Blackhaw, Southern Blackhaw	Y	20'—25' × 20'—25'	Well to Medium Drained	High	Fall color (scarlet-purple); large cluster of small white flowers in spring; small black fruit used by many birds; tolerates occasionally wet soil.
Vitex agnua-castus	Chaste Tree	N	10'—20' × 10'—20'	Well-Drained	High	Purple flowers in summer, attracts wildlife.
Yucca aloifolia	Yucca, Spanish Bayonet	Y	3'—12' × 3'—6'	Well-Drained	High	White flowers in spring to summer.
Medium Shrubs
Abelia X grandiflora	Glossy Abelia	N	6'—10' × 6'—10'	Well-Drained	Medium	Pink/White Flowers in spring-fall; no pest problems; doesn't flower in shade.
Acca sellowiana	Pineapple Guava, Feijoa	N	8'—15' × 8'—15'	Well-Drained	High	Also known as Feijoa sellowiana.
Acrostichum danaeifolium	Leather Fern, Giant Leather Fern	Y	4'—8' × 3'—5'	Medium-Drained to Wet	Low	Large fern; good for wet sites in shade.
Agarist populifolia	Pipestem, Fetterbush, Doghobble	Y	8'—12' × 5'—10'	Well-Drained to Wet	Medium	White, fragrant flowers in spring.
Agave decipiens	Century Plant False sisal	Y	5' × 5'	Well-Drained	High	Used more as an accent plant. Spiny leaves.
Allamanda Schotti	Bush Allamanda, Bush Trumpet	N	5'—15' × 4'—10'	Well-Drained	Medium	Yellow flowers all year; no pest problems.
Alpinia zerumbet	Shell Ginger	N	6'—12' × 3'—5'	Well-Drained	Low	Herbaceous dark green foliage to variegated with white or yellow flowers on canes.
Asimina obovata	Scrub Pawpaw	Y	6'—12' × 4'—6'	Well-Medium Drained	Medium	Medium sized deciduous shrub with large number of flowers in late winter and spring. Fruit matures in late spring.
Bougainvillea spp	Bougainvillea	N	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained	High	Year round color produced by bracts, various colors and foliage available.
Breynia disticha	Snow on the Mountain	N	4'—6' × 4'—6'	Well to Medium- Drained	High	Variegated-green, white and pink foliage, excellent shrub or screen.
Brunfelsia grandiflora	Yesterday-Today-and- Tomorrow	N	7'—10' × 5'—8'	Well-Drained	Medium	Lavender/purple/white flowers in spring-fall.
Buddleia lindleyana	Butterfly Bush, Lindley's Butterfly Bush	N	4'—6' × 4'	Well-Drained	Medium	Excellent for butterflies.
Callicarpa americana	Beautyberry	Y	6'—8' × 6'—8'	Well-Drained	High	Attracts wildlife; purple fruits eaten by birds.
Calycanthus floridus	Carolina Allspice, Eastern Sweetshrub	Y	6'—9' × 6'—12'	Well to Medium- Drained	Medium	Red flowers in spring-summer. Naturally occurs farther north; use with caution.
Carissa macrocarpa	Natal Plum	N	2'—20' × 2'—20'	Well-Drained	High	Also known as Carissa grandiflora; white fragrant flowers all year; edible fruit.
Cephalanthus occidentalis	Buttonbush	Y	6'—20' × 6'—8'	Medium-Drained to Wet	None	Flammable...plant 30' min. from bldg.; butterfly and hummingbird plant. Use in wet sites.
Cephalotaxus Harringtonia 'Nana'	Japanese Plum Yew, Harrington Plum Yew	N	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained	Medium	A low, spreading shrub that sends up suckers, forming a thicket.
Chionanthus pygmaeus	Pygmy Fringetree	Y	6'—12' × 15'—20'	Well-Drained	Medium	White flowers in spring; purple fruits in late summer, attracts birds.
Clethra alnifolia	Sweet Pepperbush	Y	4'—8' × 4'—8'	Well-Drained to Wet	Medium	White, fragrant flowers in summer; attracts bees and other wildlife. Naturally occurs farther north; use with caution.
Coccoloba uvifera	Seagrape	Y	3'—35' × 10'—50'	Well-Drained	High	Fragrant white flowers in spring; edible fruit.
Codieaeum variegatum	Croton	N	3'—8' × 3'—6'	Well-Drained	Low	Colorful foliage; sensitive to pests. Frost-sensitive.
Duranta erecta	Golden Dewdrop, Pigeonberry, Skyflower	N	4'—8' × 6'—8'	Well-Drained	High	A sprawIing, sometimes vinelike tender evergreen shrub or small tree. It forms a multi-stemmed clump with branches that droop and trail. Blue tubular flowers with golden berries.
Elaeocarpus decipiens 'Little Emperor'	Little Emperor	N	6'—8' × 6'—8'	Well-Drained	Medium	A compact shrub featuring lush, dark green foliage and bronze new growth. Fragrant creamy-white flowers yield decorative blue-black fruit that will not stain paving.
Fatsia japonica	Japanese Aralia, Paperplant	N	5'—8' × 3'—10'	Well-Drained	Medium	Glossy dark green lobed leaves for deep shade. Tropical appearance. Tolerant of urban conditions.
Forestiera segregata	Florida Privet	Y	4'—15' × 3'—12"	Well to Medium- Drained	High	Yellow flowers in early spring; fruit provides food for wildlife.
Galphimia glauca	Thryallis, Rain-of-Gold	N	5'—9' × 4'—6'	Well-Drained	Medium	Upright fine textured shrub with light green foliage. Showy cluster of yellow blooms all year; no major pest problems.
Gardenia jasminoides	Gardenia, Cape Jasmine	N	4'—8' × 4'—8'	Well-Drained	Medium	Also known as Gardenia angusta; white fragrant flowers in spring-summer; nematodes, scales; use iron fertilizer; requires acid soil.
Hamelia patens	Firebush, Scarletbush	Y	5'—20' × 5'—8'	Well to Medium- Drained	Medium	Orange/red flowers, esp. summer; mites, whiteflies, scales, butterfly and hummingbird plant. Fast grower.
Hydrangea macrophylla	Hydrangea, Bigleaf Hydrangea, French Hydrangea	N	6'—10' × 6'—10'	Well to Medium- Drained	Medium	White/pink/purple flowers in spring-summer; pest sensitive; deciduous.
Hydrangea quercifolia	Oakleaf Hydrangea	Y	6'—10' × 6'—10'	Well to Medium- Drained	Medium	White/cream flowers in summer; good flowering shrub for shade.
Itea virginica	Virginia Willow, Virginia Sweetspire	Y	3'—8' × 2'—4'	Well-Drained to Wet	Medium	White flowers in spring-summer occurs naturally in wet soils.
Jasminum multiflorum	Downy Jasmine	N	5'—10' × 5'—10'	Well-Drained	Medium	White fragrant flowers all year; pest sensitive.
Jasminum nitidum	Star Jasmine, Shining Jasmine	N	3'—5' × 4'—6"	Well-Drained	Medium	Evergreen or semi-evergreen vine or shrub with sweetly fragrant, snow-white, pinwheel shaped flowers.
Ilex cornuta 'Burfordii nana'	Dwarf Burford Holly	N	4'—6' × 4'—6'	Well-Medium Drained	Medium	Dense leathery dark green foliage. 1—3 spines at tip. White spring flowers and abundant red berries. Compact habit great for low hedges.
Loropetalum chinese 'Blush'	Loropetalum, Chinese Fringe Bush	N	6' × 4'—5'	Well-Drained	Medium	Blooms early to mid-season with medium-green to burgundy foliage. Relatively-compact.
Myrica cerifera	Wax Myrtle	Y	10'—20' × 10'	Well-Drained	Medium	Evergreen shrub, may be trained to tree form. Wax from berries was once used in the manufacture of candles. Wildlife value. Susceptible to fungus.
Nerium oleander	Oleander	N	6'—10' × 4'—5'	Well-Drained	High	Fast growing evergreen shrub with showy flowers; many cultivars ranging in height and color. Dwarf varieties include Petite Pink and Petit Salmon.
Pittosporum tobira Wheelers Dwarf	Pittosporum	N	3'—4' × 3'—4'	Well-Drained	Medium	Broadleafed evergreen shrub; dwarf variety that grows to only about 2 feet [in] height called 'Wheeler's Dwarf'
Plumbago capensis	Plumbago	N	3'—10' × 3'—10'	Well-Drained	Medium	Evergreen shrub forming a loose, rounded mound; blooms most of the spring, summer and fall in various shades of blue. 'Royal Cape' has cobalt blue flowers.
Rhapidophyllium hystrix	Native Lady Palm	Y	6' × 6'	Moist to Well- Drained	Medium	Native palm with dense, clumping form on multiple stalks.
Rhaphis excelsa	Lady Palm	N	6' × 6'	Moist to Well- Drained	Medium	Does well in some shade. Dense, clumping form-on multiple stalks.
Rhododendron cultivars	Azalea	Y	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained	Medium	Among the most common woody flowering shrub in the southeast, with many shapes, sizes and flower colors.
Sabal minor	Dwarf Palmetto, Blue-stem Palmetto	Y	4'—9' × 4'—8'	Well-Drained to Wet	High	Fruit attracts wildlife in fall.
Serenoa repens	Saw Palmetto	Y	5'—10' × 4'—10'	Well-Drained	High	Good wildlife value.
Strelitzia sp	Bird of Paradise	N	3'—5' × 3'	Well-Drained to moist	Medium	S. reginae (orange) and S. nicolai (white). White Bird of Paradise grows to 25 ft. height.
Tabernaemontana divaricata	Crape Jasmine, Pin wheel Flower	N	6'—10' × 3'—6'	Well-Drained	Low	White fragrant flowers in summer; watch for scales, mites, nematodes, and sooty mold.
Thunbergia erecta	King's Mantle, Bush Clock Vine	N	4'—6' × 5'—8'	Well-Drained to Medium Drained	Medium	Purple flowers all year; used as hedge in south Florida; tough plant; pest resistant; unclipped plants sprawl across the ground.
Vaccinium arboreum	Sparkleberry	Y	6'—25' × 4'—15'	Well to Medium Drained	Medium	White flowers in spring; showy fall colors; attracts wildlife; attracts pollinating insects; tolerates occasionally wet soil.
Vaccinium corymbosum Vaccinium myrsinites Vaccinium danrrowii	Blueberry	Y	1'—12' × 1'—10'	Well to Medium Drained	Medium	White flowers in the spring; black fruit in fall attracts wildlife; edible; prefers moist, well-drained conditions. V. corymbosum available commercially.
Viburnum odoratissimum	Sweet Viburnum	N	8'—12' × 5'—8'	Well-Drained	Medium	Very fast growing evergreen.
Viburnum obovatum	Walter's Viburnum	Y	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained	High	White flowers in winter-spring; small black fruit used by many birds; good nesting cover, "Mrs. Sheeler's Dwarf.
Viburnum suspensum	Sandankwa Viburnum	N	6'—12' × 6'	Well-Drained	Low	Evergreen; coarse texture, attractive compact form. Flowers are white with pinkish tints and give way to small round red berries in autumn.
Small Shrubs
Agave spp.	Century Plant Agave	Y	2'—4' × 3'—6'	Well-Drained	High	Succulent armed leaves. Species varying in sizes include Agave angustifolia, desmettiana, ferox and geminiflora.
Aloe	Aloe	N	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained	High	Choose species adapted to climate; flowers variable; injured by frost in extreme North FL; occassional caterpillars; invasive assessment: Aloe vera assessed and not invasive, others not yet assessed.
Allamanda schottii	Bush Allamanda, Bush Trumpet	N	5'—15' × 4'—10'	Well-Drained	Medium	Yellow flowers all year; no pest problems; makes an open hedge; plants in shade flower poorly.
Asimina reticulata	Pineland Pawpaw	Y	2'—6'	Well-Medium Drained	Medium	Small deciduous shrub flowering in spring and fruit maturing in spring or early summer. Wildlife value.
Buxus microphylla	Littleleaf Boxwood	N	3'—5'	Well-Medium Drained	Medium	Compact evergreen shrub; shallow rooted, short life span due to nematode problems and mites.
Caesalpinia	Poinciana	N	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained	Medium	Region depends on species and cultivar. Choose species adapted to climate; flowers variable.
Callistemon viminalis	Lil John Bottlebrush	N	3' × 3'	Well-Drained	High	Compact, mounding dwarf bottlebrush, blooms spring through fall.
Cephalotaxus harringtonii 'Prostrata'	Crawling Yew	N	2'—3' × 4'—5'	Well-Drained	Medium	A broad spreading plant attractive in spring when new growth is pale lime green. Good for filling in under or near larger trees. Shade loving. Very slow growing, 10 years to mature size.
Conradina spp.	False Rosemary, Scrub Mints, Beach Rosemary	Y	1'—3' × 1'—3'	Well-Drained	High	C. canescens is a good choice.
Crinum americanum	Swamp lily	Y	2' × 3'	Well Drained- Poorly Drained	Medium	Year round large fragrant flower, used in aquatic or moist locations.
Crinum spp.	Crinum lily	N	4' × 4'	Well Drained	Medium	Year round large fragrant flower, prone to leaf spot.
Gamolepis	Bush Daisy	N	2'—4' × 3'—4'	Well-Medium Drained	Medium	Herbaceous perennial or sub-shrub that grows in a mound-like bush; yellow daisy like flowers.
Hamelia patens compacta	Dwarf Firebush	Y	3'—5' × 3'—5'	Well-Medium Drained	Medium	Florida native Firebush Hamelia patens has orange-red tubular flowers with hair-like leaves, bloom throughout summer. Butterfly and hummingbird plant.
Ilex cornuta "Rotunda"	Rotunda Holly	N	2'—3' × 3'—4'	Well-Medium Drained	High	Dense leathery dark green foliage with sharp spines make it a good low barrier. Abundant red berries.
Ilex vomitoria cvs	Dwarf Yaupon	Y	3'—5' × 3'—5'	Well-Poorly Drained	High	Dense and compact habit with close-knit branches and brillant maroon new growth, can be brittle. Small greenish, white flowers in spring. Excellent cultivars 'Nana' & 'Stokes Dwarf (Schillings).
Ixora X cvs	Ixora	N	3'—5' × 3'—5'	Well-Drained	Medium	A woody shrub with dark green glossy leaves and colorful flower clusters that bloom year round. Some varieties have pinkish-red, yellow, or white flowers, acid-loving plants, that is pH sensitive and prone to pest. Maui varieties are most reliable.
Juniperus chinensis "Parsonii"	Parson Juniper	N	2'—3' × 4'—7'	Well-Medium Drained	High	Dense long slender branches form evergreen dome shaped mound at maturity. Prone to spider mites.
Leucophyllum frutescens	Texas Sage, Texas Ranger, Silverleaf	N	3'—5' × 3'—5'	Well-Drained	High	Gray-green evergreen shrub with lavender spring flowers; prefers dry, hot, sites.
Loropetalum chinense"'Plum Delight"	Loropetalum, Chinese Fringe Bush, also known as Pizazz	N	3'—5' × 3'—5'	Well-Drained	Medium	A finely textured evergreen shrub, open form with branches arranged in horizontal spreading layers. Blooms are large dark pink flowers with deep burgundy foliage.
Lyonia lucida	Fetterbush, Shiny Lyonia	Y	3'—10' × 2'—5'	Well-Medium Drained	High	White/pink showy flowers in spring; leaf spotting may occur.
Podocarpus macrophylla "Pringles"	Pringles Dwarf Podocarpus	N	3'—5' × 3'—5'	Well-Medium Drained	Medium	Dark green foliage, slow growing, very dwarf, bushy form of podocarpus. It responds well to pruning.
Rhaphiolepsis sp.	Indian Hawthorn	N	2'—10' × 2'—6'	Well-Medium Drained	High	Good informal shrub with dark green foliage, flowers in spring; wildlife food. Common varieties uses are "Indica Alba" and "Elizabeth".
Rosa sp	Rose	Y	1'—20' × Varies	Well-Drained	Medium	Groundcover, shrub or vinelike, color of flowers variable; disease-resistant cultivars available; most roses require high maintenance, with pest and disease problems (thrips, aphids and leaf spot).
Rosmarinus officinalis	Rosemary	N	2'—3' × 3'	Well-Medium Drained	High	Flowers variable; valued perennial spice plant.
Russelia equisetiformis	Firecracker Plant, Coral Plant	N	3'—5' × 6'—12'	Well-Drained	High	Red flowers all year; good container plant; pest sensitive.
Russelia sarmentosa	Firecracker Plant	N	3'—4' × 2'—4'	Well-Drained	Medium	Red flowers in summer to fall; attracts wildlife.
Salvia officinalis	Sage	N	2'		Medium	A perennial spice plant, good for flavoring meat, vegetable, and dairy dishes
Sabal etonia	Scrub Palmetto	Y	4'—6' × 4'—6'	Well-Drained	High	Flowers in spring-summer, small, black berries in summer-fall; long-lived (likely over 100 years); tolerates hot, dry conditions; endemic to central Florida sand scrub; difficult to transplant.
Spiraea	Spiraea	N	3'—5' × 3'—4'	Well-Medium Drained	Medium	White flowers in spring; invasive assessment; Spiraea cantoniensis, Spiraea thunbergii assessed as not a problem, others not yet assessed.
Stromanthe sanguinea "Triostar"	Triostar	N	3'—4' × 2'—4'	Well-Medium Drained	Medium	Richly variegated foliage that comes in dark pink, white, and green colors. Produces reddish-pink in the spring.
Thymus vulgaris	Thyme	N	18"	Well-Drained	Medium	A perennial spice plant, good for flavoring meat, vegetables, and soup.
Yucca filamenitosa	Adams Needle	Y	2'—3' × 2'—3'	Well-Drained	High	Leaf rosette with wide flower stems 4'—6' tall in spring.
Zamia pumila	Coontie, Florida Arrowroot, Florida Zamia	Y	1'—5' × 3'—5'	Well-Drained	High	Small palmlike perennial plant; evergreen leaves are fine in texture and resemble those of a fern; wildlife value.
Zamia maritima (furfuracae)	Cardboard plant	N	2'—5' × 5'—8'	Well-Drained	High	Palmlike/fernlike evergreen plant with leather like leaves, stiff with pubescent (fuzzy) green leaflets; excellent accent or specimen; can freeze but will come back; seeds and caudex poisonous.
Ground Covers
Agapanthus africanus	Lily of the Nile	N	½'—1' × 1'—2'	Well-Drained	Medium	Purple/blue flowers, spring-summer, spreads quickly; cultivars incl. "Peter Pan", "Elaine" and "Elle Mae".
Ajuga reptans	Bugleweed, Carpetweed	N	6"—9" × Varies	Moist to Well-Drained	Medium	Evergreen spring flowering perennial, foliage varies by cultivar, spreads, excellent for erosion control.
Arachis glabrata	Perennial Peanut	N	½' × Varies	Well-Drained	High	Yellow/orange flowers in summer-fall; no nitrogen fertilizer needed; no pest problems; withstands foot traffic and slopes where mowing is difficult.
Asparagus densiflora 'myers'	Foxtail Fern	N	2'—3' × 2'	Moist to Well- Drained	Medium	Finely ridged somewhat spiney upright prefers partial to full shade. Plant in frost-free zone.
Aspidistra elatior	Cast Iron Plant, Barroom Plant	N	1'—3' × 1'—3'	Well-Drained	High	Used for cut foliage; no pest problems: tolerates deep shade.
Bromeliad spp	Bromeliad	N	1'—4' × 2'—4'	Well-Medium Drained	Medium	Smooth or entire leaf margins, unusual foliage markings and colors. Some species produce fragrant flowers. Neoregalia, Guzmania, Tillandsia.
Bulbine frutescens	Desert Candles	N	1'—2'	Well	High	Fleshy green leaves similar to onion leaf blades, creating clumps. Small star-shaped flowers on stalks 2'--3' above foliage in spring through summer. Coppery-orange flowers.
Caladium x hortulanum	Caladium	N	1'—2' × 1'—2'	Well-Drained	Medium	Attractive foliage (red, rose, pink, white, silver, bronze, green); leaves die back in the fall; pest-sensitive.
Cyrtomium falcatum	Holly Fern	N	2' × 3'—4'	Well-Medium Drained	Medium	No major pest problems but watch for scales, mites, mealybugs, snails and slugs: good low-maintanence groundcover in shady sites; evergreen fern.
Cuphea hyssopifolia	False Mexican Heather	N	1'—2' × 2-3'	Well-Drained	High	Purple, white and pink flowers year round, not tolerant of hard freeze, cultivar allyson.
Dianella tasmanica variegated	Blueberry Flax Lily	N	2'—3' × 2'—3'	Well-Drained	High	Evergreen variegated, iris like foliage, a clumping variety.
Dietes vegeta	African Iris	N	2'—3' × 2'—3'	Well-Medium Drained	Medium	White iris like flowers with swordlike foliage, clumping form.
Dryopteris spp	Autumn Fern	Y	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained	Medium	Region depends on species - choose species adapted to your area; used as cut foliage.
Dyschoriste oblongleaf	Twin Flower, Oblong Leaf Snakeherb	Y	1' × Varies	Well-Drained	High	Lavender flowers all year.
Evolvulus glormeratus ssp. grandiflorus	Blue Daze	N	1' × 1'—2'	Well-Drained	Medium	Small mounding groundcover with grey green foliage and vibrant blue flowers in spring to summer.
Glandularia tampensis	Tampa Vervain, Tampa Mock Vervain	Y	1'—2' × Varies	Well-Drained	High	Also known as Verbena tampensis; purplish-pink/white flowers in summer; endangered.
Hedera helix	English Ivy	N	1' × 1'—6'	Well-Drained	Medium	Watch for aggressive spread to keep contained: no pest problems; rich groundcover in the shade.
Hemerocallis spp	Day lily	N	1'—3' × 2'	Well-Drained	Medium	Classified evergreen, semi-evergreen and dormant and range from dwarf to tall varieties. Can bloom early spring through late summer.
Iris virginica	Blue Flag Iris	Y	2'—3' × 2'—3'	Well-Drained to Poorly Drained	Medium	Lavender flowers in spring along lake edge does best in fluctuating water zone.
Juniperus conferta and cvs.	Shore Juniper	N	1'—2' × 4'—6'	Well-Drained	High	A low-growing, outward-spreading needled evergreen. The needle color is usually some form of bluish green, turning greenish or bronzy green in winter. Dwarf shore and blue pacific good varieties.
Juniperus horizontalis and cvs.	Creeping Juniper, Horizontal Juniper	N	6" × 8'	Well-Drained	High	Evergreen ground cover with soft, fine-textured plume-like foliage. Long spreading branches, and short twigs that stand upright to form a mat. "Blue Rug" a dependable variety.
Lantana camara cvs		N	1'—2' × Varies	Well-Medium Drained	High	Low spreading ground cover that is covered with disk shaped flowers throughout the summer. Use ONLY sterile varieties such as Gold Mound, New Gold, Alba.
Lantana montevidensis	Trailing Lantana	N	1'—3' × 4'—8'	Well-Drained	High	White/pink/lavender flowers in summer-fall.
Lirope muscari	Lily turf	N	1'—2' × 1'—2'	Well-Medium Drained	High	Dense clumps of dark green to variegated varieties, purple flowers in the summer, forms solid groundcover. Big Blue and Emerald Goddess excellent varieties.
Mimosa stigulosa	Sunshine Mimosa, Sensitive Plant, Powderpuff	N	6"—12" × Varies	Well-Drained to Moist	High	Perennial vine with pink pom-pom like flowers, can be lawn substitute. Attractive to bees and butterflies.
Ophiopogon japonicus and spp.	Mondo Grass, Dwarf Lilyturf, Dwarf Liriope	N	1' × Varies	Well-Drained	Medium	Dark green fine textured grass-like groundcover, grows well in shade and compacted areas. Variegated variety
Rumohra adiantiformis	Leatherleaf Fern, Seven Weeks Fern	N	1'—3' × 4'—5'	Medium-Drained	Medium	Ideal groundcover for shaded area, dark green leathery fronds form a dense mat of lacy foliage.
Trachelospermum asiaticum	Small-leaf dwarf jasmine	N	Varies × Varies	Well-Medium Drained	Medium	Excellant ground cover withstands foot traffic; good for slopes/bank stabilization; no serious pest problems.
Tulbaghia violacea	Society Garlic	N	18"—24" × Varies	Well-Drained	High	Clusters of lavender, sweet scented flowers in early summer through fall. Edible grasslike foliage that smells and tastes like garlic. Flowers are attactive to bees and other pollinators.
Vinca major	Periwinkle	N	1'—2' × Varies	Well-Medium Drained	Medium	Blue/purple/lavender flowers in summer; no pest problems; good for shaded, small gardens. Poisonous if ingested. Do not use V. minor, which is invasive.
Grasses & Bamboo
Andropogon spp.	Bluestern Grass	Y	3'—10' × 3'—7'	Well-Medium Drained	High	Soil moisture preference depends on species, check with Extension office or nursery before making final selection; silver/white/pink flowers in fall.
Aristida stricta var. beyrichiana	Wiregrass	Y	2'—4' × 2'—3'	Well-Medium Drained	High	Wiregrass is a very important grass that provides food and shelter for wildlife. Strongs flexible, wire-like, thin grass; highly flammable, useful in clearing the surrounding long leaf pine flatwoods.
Bambusa spp.	Bamboo	N	Varies × Varies	Medium-Drained	Medium	"Runner" forms of bamboo are invasive and not permitted; use only the "clumping" varieties.
Cortaderia selloana	Pampasgrass	N	10'—12' × 6'—8'	Well-Drained	High	Flammable; in wildfire-prone area, plant min. 30' from buildings; white flowers in summer, sharp-edged leaf.
Eragrostis ellicottii	Elliot's Lovegrass	Y	1' × 1'—3'	Well-Medium Drained	High	Short bunch grass for dry areas; silver leaves and white flowers give it a misty look in the fall.
Eragrostis spectabilis	Purple Lovegrass	Y	1'—3' × 1'—3'	Well-Medium Drained	High	Small red/purple flowers all year, especially fall; grows best in hot, dry sites; does not tolerate wet, shady sites.
Muhlenbergia capillaris	Muhly Grass	Y	2'—5' × 2'—3'	Well, Medium, High Drained	High	Bunch grass with a showy pink plumage in fall; tolerates extreme drought and flooding.
Panicum virgatum and cvs.	Panic Grass, Switch Grass	Y	1'—5' × 1'—5'	Well-Drained	High	Warm perennial grass is native grass to pastures, and naturalized along roadsides. Switchgrass is grown as a drought-resistant ornamental grass in average to wet soils and in full sun to part shade.
Paspalum quadrifarium	Evergreen Paspalum, Crown Grass	N	2'—3' × 2'—3'	Well-Drained	High	Leaf blades are broad under irrigation and roll up when dry. Maintains a dark green foliage all year long.
Spartina spp.	Cordgrass	Y	3' × 3'	Well, Medium, High Drained	High	Showy bunch grass with tan flowers in summer good for mass planting.
Tripsacum dactyloides	Fakahatchee Grass	Y	3' × 4'	Wet to Well-Drained	Moderate	Full sun to light shade; no serious pest problems.
Vines
Allamanda cathartica	Yellow Allamanda	N	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained	Medium	Yellow flowers all year; all plant parts are poisonous, cultivars Hendersonii (dwarf) & Cherries Jubilee.
Aristolochia sp	Dutchman's pipe, pipevine	Y	10'—15' × Varies	Medium-Drained	Medium	White/purple flowers in summer and winter, larval food plant for pipevine swallowtail butterfly and polydamas butterfly. Do not use A. littoralis (Cat. II invasive).
Bignonia capreolata	Cross Vine, Trumpet Flower	Y	Varies &times Varies	Well-Medium Drained	High	Trumpet shaped orange flowers in spring, hummingbird attractor, good cultivars include "Tangerine Beauty" and "Shalimar Red".
Bougainvillea	Bougainvillea	N	Varies &times 15'—40'	Well-Drained	High	Pink/yellow/orange/white flowers all year, esp. winter spring; freezes in parts of central region; invasive assessment: Bougainvillea glabra assessed as not a problem, others not yet assessed.
Campsis grandiflora	Chinese Trumpet Creeper	N	Varies &times Varies	Medium-Drained	Medium	Deciduous asian counterpart to the native, more refined, less aggressive, less weedy. Cultivars "Morning-Calm", "Madame Galan".
Campsis radicans	Trumpet Creeper, Trumpet Vine	Y	Fast—40' &times Varies	Medium-Drained	Medium	Orange/red flowers in spring-summer.
Clerodendrum x speciosum	Java Glory Vine	N	Varies &times Varies	Well-Drained	High	Showy red flower clusters set off by dark green leaves.
Clerodendrum thomsoniae	Bleeding Heart	N	Varies &times Varies	Well-Drained	High	Flowers in large cluster with white calyx surrounds the red corolla tube. Cultivars 'Delectum' and 'Variegata'.
Clitoria trenata	Butterfly Pea	N	Varies &times Varies	Well-Drained	High	Well behaved vine that blooms nearly year round, reseeds or rejuvinates from roots.
Clytostoma callistegioides	Painted Trumpet Vine	N	Varies &times Varies	Well-Drained	Medium	Glossy dark green foliage attractive all year, lavender striped flowers abundant in spring.
Combretum aubletii	Monkey's brush	N	Varies &times Varies	Well-Drained	Medium	Orange-red flowers in fall to late spring, vigourous climber best on a heavy arbor or trellis.
Cryptostegia gandiftora	Rubber Vine	N	Varies &times Varies	Well-Drained	Medium	Vigorous long dark glossy green leaves, prolific dark lavender bloom.
Cydista aequinoctialis	Garlic Vine	N	Varies &times Varies	Well-Drained	Medium	Long funnel-like lavender-pink showy flower clusters, foliage has garlic odor when crushed.
Dalechampia dioscoraefolia	Bow Tie Vine	N	Varies &times Varies	Well-Drained	Medium	Vigorous grower and bloomer, blooms best with adequate moisture, fuschia colored bracts as wide as 6" across.
Decumaria barbara	Cowitch Vine, Climbing Hydrangea	Y	Varies &times Varies	Well-Medium Drained	Low	Native deciduous climber with large fragrant flowers, requires water.
Ficus pumila	Creeping fig	N	4" &times Varies	Well-Medium Drained	High	Vigorous evergreen climbing vine great for covering walls. Variegated form available. Can be invasive.
Gelsemium sempervirens	Carolina Jessamine, Yellow Jasmine	Y	40' × 20'—30'	Well-Medium Drained	Low	Yellow flowers in late winter to spring; rapid growth; no pest problems; poisonous.
Hedera canariensis	Algerian Ivy, Canary Ivy	N	½'— 1' × 1'—6'	Well-Drained	Medium	Watch for aggressive spread to keep contained: no pest problems: rich groundcover in the shade.
Hedera helix	English Ivy	N	1'—2' × 2'—5'	Well-Drained	Medium	Dark green foliage spreading aggressively, keep contained: poisonous.
Ipomoea	Morning Glory	Y	½' × 10'—75'	Well-Medium Drained	High	Flowers variable; use within a border, can spread easily.
Jasminum multiflorum	Downy Jasmine	N	5'—10' × 5'—10'	Well-Drained	Medium	White, fragrant flowers all year; dies back when cold and comes back: pest sensitive.
Lonicera sempervirens	Honeysuckle, Coral Honeysuckle	Y	10'—15' × Varies	Well-Drained	Medium	Red flowers in spring-summer; relatively pest free: birds feed on fruits.
Mandevilla	Pink Allamanda, Mandevilla	N	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained	Medium	Many cultivatars; pink/white flowers all year.
Millettia reticulata	Evergreen Wisteria	N	Varies × Varies	Well-Drained	Low	Purple flowers in summer to fall.
Passiflora incarnata	Maypop, Passion Vine	Y	5'—10' × Varies	Medium-Drained	High	Pink/purple flowers in summer-fall; larval food plant of zebra longwing and gulf fritillary butterflies; tolerates occasionally wet soil.
Thunbergia alata	Black-eyed Susan Vine	N	10" × 10'	Well-Drained	Low	Yellow flowers in summer.
Trachelospermum jasminoides	Confederate Jasmine, Star Jasmine	N	Varies × Varies	Well-Medium Drained	Medium	White, fragrant, showy flowers in spring: can be aggressive: no serious pests but watch for scales and sooty mold.
Vitis rotundifolia	Muscadine Grape	Y	Varies	Moist to Well- Drained	Medium	Deciduous. Fruit is excellent; relatively hardy plant and disease resistant. Requires trellising, pruning.
Wisteria frutescens	American Wisteria	Y	10'—20' × 6'—12'	Well-Drained	Medium	Lavender, fragrant flowers in spring: poisonous parts. Do not use Wisteria sinensis (Cat. II invasive).
Aquatic and Wetland Plants
Upper Littoral Zone (6" above or below the normal water level)
Canna flaccida	Golden Canna	Y	2'—3' tall	Moist	Not applicable	Grows along the water's edge with large yellow flowers.
Iris hexagona	Blue Flag Iris, Louisiana Iris	Y	12"—18"	Poorly-Drained	Not applicable	This aquatic iris has blue flowers with yellow highlights: found along the water's edge. I. hexagona var. Savanna.
Juncus effusus	Soft Rush	Y	24"—36" tall	Poorly-Drained	Not applicable	This rush grass has dark green foliage during the winter months.
Spartina bakeri	Cordgrass	Y	4'—6' tall	Moist	High	Generally planted just above the water level, showy bunch grass with tan flowers in summer. Good for erosion control along water bodies.
Taxodium distichum	Bald Cypress	Y	60'—80' × 15'—30'	Poorly-Drained to Well-Drained	High	Deciduous canopy tree; wildlife value.
Middle Littortal Zone (from 1' to 3' below normal water level)
Pontederia cordata	Pickerel weed	Y	12"—24" tall	Submerged	Not Applicable	An emergent aquatic plant that grows in 6"--18" of water and has showy purple flowers.
Sagittaria lancifolia	Duck Potato Bulltongue Arrowhead Lanceleaf Arrowhead	Y	12"—36" tall	Submerged	Not Applicable	This emergent aquatic plant has white flowers and grows in 0--12" of water.
Sagittaria latifolia	Arrowhead	Y	12"—36" tall	Submerged	Not Applicable	Showy white flowers.
Scirpus validus	Soft-stem bulrush	Y	8' tall	Submerged	Not Applicable	Sedge stems with brown spikelets of flowers.
Taxodium ascendens	Pond Cypress	Y	60'—80' × 15'—30'	Moist to Submerged	High	Deciduous canopy tree; wildlife value.
Lower Littoral Zone (from 3' to 5' below normal water level)
Nelumbo lutea	American Lotus	Y	6" above water	Submerged	Not Applicable	Showy yellow flower.
Nuphar luteum	Spatterdock Lily	Y	6" above water	Submerged	Not Applicable	Small plain yellow flower.
Nymphaea odorata	Fragrant White Water Lily	Y	6" above water	Submerged	Not Applicable	Showy yellow flower.
Scirpus californicus	Bulrush	Y	6'—8'	Submerged	Not Applicable	A tall rush with showy seed heads in summer and fall and grows in 1—3' of water.

 

(Ord. No. 2013-74, § 1, 12-9-2013, Doc. #1312091207)